catch Console.WriteLine File File.ReadAllText FileNotFoundException IOException true, false try

`File.Copy`

This .NET method copies a file from one location to another. It leaves both copies on the disk. It is part of the System.IO namespace.

We demonstrate 3 common uses of File.Copy. We warn of potential errors. Exception handling often should be used when File.Copy is invoked.

Example

Here we want to copy one file to a new location, one where no file exists. Both files in the example, file-a.txt and file-new.txt, have the same contents.

Next This program takes a file that exists, file-a.txt, and copies it to file-new.txt. Both files contain the same string.

And It displays the contents of both files, using Console.WriteLine and File.ReadAllText, to prove equality.

using System;
using System.IO;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Copy one file to a nonexistent location
        File.Copy("file-a.txt", "file-new.txt");

        // Display the contents of both files
        Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText("file-a.txt"));
        Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText("file-new.txt"));
    }
}Contents of File A.
Contents of File A.

Example 2

File.Copy will cause an exception if you use it when the target destination already has a file there. It will not write over an existing file.

Tip To solve this problem, you must specify the third parameter of File.Copy to be true. This will avoid the exception.

Here The example displays the contents of file-b.txt. Then it calls File.Copy and copies file-a.txt to file-b.txt.

Detail No exception is thrown here. The code displays the contents of the two files, which are now equal.

using System;
using System.IO;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Write initial contents of File B.
        Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText("file-b.txt"));
        // "File B contents."

        // COPY:
        // Copy one file to a location where there is a file.
        File.Copy("file-a.txt", "file-b.txt", true); // overwrite = true

        // Display the contents of both files
        Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText("file-a.txt"));
        Console.WriteLine(File.ReadAllText("file-b.txt"));
    }
}
"Contents of File A."
"Contents of File A."

Example 3

File.Copy will throw FileNotFoundException and IOException if there are certain problems. These should be tested for in most programs.

Here The program has two try-catch blocks. It uses File.Copy to copy a missing file. The FileNotFoundException is thrown.

Next We get an IOException when we copy to a file that exists, but don't specify overwrite. For overwrite, use true as the third parameter.

Warning File IO will occasionally throw exceptions. It is one of the best uses for exception-handling.

Tip You should wrap your File.Copy, as well as other methods such as File.ReadAllText, inside a try-catch block.

using System;
using System.IO;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Copying a file that doesn't exist:
        try
        {
            File.Copy("file-missing.txt", "file-new.txt");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(ex);
            // System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not find file 'file-missing.txt'.
        }

        // Copying to a file without overwrite
        try
        {
            File.Copy("file-a.txt", "file-b.txt");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(ex);
            // System.IO.IOException: The file 'file-b.txt' already exists.
        }
    }
}

A summary

We saw several ways to use File.Copy. We reviewed the exceptions caused by this C# method. It is important that you handle errors when using File.Copy.