Java - double Number - Dot Net Perls

Double. In Java a double is twice the size of a float—it is 8 bytes (which is equal to 64 bits). Doubles are used to store floating point values.

float

We use the Double class to access static methods and constants on a double. We can find useful constants like BYTES but also methods like isNaN to test for special double values.

First example, constants. Here we show some constants on the Double class. We find that the MIN and MAX double values are in a large range.

public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) { // This is the number of bytes. System.out.println(Double.BYTES); // Size is the number of bits. System.out.println(Double.SIZE); // Print min and max. System.out.println("MIN: " + Double.MIN_VALUE); System.out.println("MAX: " + Double.MAX_VALUE); } }

8 64 MIN: 4.9E-324 MAX: 1.7976931348623157E308

Locals, casts. Next we try casting some doubles. We can convert ints and floats (and other smaller numeric types) to doubles without a cast. This is a widening cast.

Cast

Info The lowercase "d" indicates double literal. So if we want a literal of type double, use the "d" as a suffix.

public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) { // Use double local variables. double value1 = 1.0d; double value2 = 1; double value3 = (double) 1; // A double can be assigned to a float value. float test = 1.0f; double value4 = test; System.out.println(value1); System.out.println(value2); System.out.println(value3); System.out.println(value4); } }

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Double tests. The Double class has several static methods. These include isNaN, isFinite and isInfinite which tell us things about the double argument we provide.

Tip Special values on a double like NaN are stored within the double's bytes as a special code.

public class Program { static void test(double v) { // Use methods to test the double. if (Double.isNaN(v)) { System.out.println("Not a number"); } if (Double.isFinite(v)) { System.out.println("Finite"); } if (Double.isInfinite(v)) { System.out.println("Infinite"); } } public static void main(String[] args) { // An array of doubles. double[] values = { Double.NaN, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY, Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY, 100 }; // Test all doubles in array. for (double v : values) { System.out.println(":: TEST ::"); System.out.println(v); test(v); } } }

:: TEST :: NaN Not a number :: TEST :: -Infinity Infinite :: TEST :: Infinity Infinite :: TEST :: 100.0 Finite

Truncate. To truncate a double, we can cast it to an int. But this will not always work. We can use a method that combines Math.floor and Math.ceil for correct results.

In my experience double is best reserved for special situations. If floating point is necessary, a double is a simpler choice than float, as floats can be easily cast to doubles.