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pass StatementUse the pass statement to indicate empty functions, classes and loops.
Python
This page was last reviewed on Aug 28, 2021.
Pass. In Python we use the "pass" keyword (a statement) to indicate that nothing happens—the function, class or loop is empty. It is sometimes needed for correct syntax.
With pass, we indicate a "null" block. Pass can be placed on the same line, or on a separate line. Pass can be used to quickly add things that are unimplemented.
Method example. Here we use the "pass" statement on two methods. These methods do nothing. But they can be called in Python code.
Result Nothing happens when the pass methods are called. Pass can be used in other places in Python programs.
# This function does nothing. # ... It is empty. def test(n): pass # Pass can be on a separate line. def test_two(n): pass # Call our empty functions. test(10) test(200) test_two(10) test_two(200) # We are done. print("DONE")
DONE
Class example. Sometimes we use the "pass" statement in a class. When we first add a class, we might not be ready to add its entire contents. Pass is helpful.
# An empty class. class Box: pass # A class with an empty method. class Bird: def chirp(self): print("Bird chirped") def fly(self): pass # Create empty class. x = Box() # Create class and call empty method. b = Bird() b.fly() # Program is done. print("Z")
Z
If example. Here we use pass in an if-statement. If a method has a side effect, we sometimes might want to call it even if we do not do anything afterwards.
And With pass we can add "elif" clauses afterwards. This sometimes makes code clearer to read.
# This method has a side effect. # ... It prints a word. def equals(name, value): print("equals") return name == value name = "snake" # Use if-statement with a method that has a side effect. # ... Use pass to ignore contents of block. if equals(name, "snake"): pass
equals
While example. With a while-loop, we can use a "pass" statement. Sometimes we want to keep calling a method while a condition is true. With pass we can use an empty loop body.
import random def x(): # Print and return a random int. result = random.randint(0, 5) print(result) return result # Continue calling x while its value is at least 1. # ... Use no loop body. while x() >= 1: pass print("DONE")
2 3 1 3 1 4 3 4 0 DONE
A summary. Python has a full-featured group of keywords. But it has no semicolons. So we must indicate an empty line with a special keyword. That is "pass."
Dot Net Perls is a collection of tested code examples. Pages are continually updated to stay current, with code correctness a top priority.
Sam Allen is passionate about computer languages. In the past, his work has been recommended by Apple and Microsoft and he has studied computers at a selective university in the United States.
This page was last updated on Aug 28, 2021 (edit).
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