C# - GetEnumerator Method

GetEnumerator. Some .NET collection types offer the GetEnumerator method. This method returns an Enumerator object that can be used to loop through the collection.

Complete knowledge of the actual collection type is not needed. We can use GetEnumerator before a while-loop, and call MoveNext on each iteration.

interface

IEnumerable

This program shows how the GetEnumerator method on the List type works. On a List of ints, GetEnumerator returns a List(int) Enumerator object.

And This object implements IEnumerator(int). We can then write methods that receive IEnumerator(int).

List

Thus With GetEnumerator, it becomes possible to write methods that act on the IEnumerator interface.

Info LinkedList returns LinkedList(int) Enumerator—a LinkedList could also be passed to the Write method.

LinkedList

Dictionary

Important We only require one Write method to handle all generic enumerators that handle integers.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Create list of ints.
        List<int> list = new List<int>();
        list.Add(1);
        list.Add(5);
        list.Add(9);

        // Call GetEnumerator on List.
        List<int>.Enumerator e = list.GetEnumerator();
        Write(e);
    }

    static void Write(IEnumerator<int> e)
    {
        // Use the IEnumerator object.
        while (e.MoveNext())
        {
            int value = e.Current;
            Console.WriteLine(value);
        }
    }
}1
5
9

GetEnumerator benchmark. We can write methods that work on IEnumerator, but is this efficient in .NET 7 in 2022? This benchmark tests GetEnumerator performance.

Version 1 This version of the code uses MoveNext on an IEnumerator interface to sum up a List of integers.

Version 2 Here we use foreach on a List of integers directly and sum up all the values. The result is the same as version 1.

Result Even with .NET 7 in 2022, it is faster to use simpler looping constructs like for and foreach over enumerators.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;

class Program
{
    static int CountMoveNext(IEnumerator<int> e)
    {
        int count = 0;
        while (e.MoveNext())
        {
            int value = e.Current;
            count += value;
        }
        return count;
    }

    static int CountForeach(List<int> e)
    {
        int count = 0;
        foreach (int value in e)
        {
            count += value;
        }
        return count;
    }

    const int _max = 1000000;
    static void Main()
    {
        List<int> list = new List<int>();
        list.Add(1);
        list.Add(5);
        list.Add(9);
        List<int>.Enumerator e = list.GetEnumerator();

        var s1 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
        // Version 1: use MoveNext.
        for (int i = 0; i < _max; i++)
        {
            var result = CountMoveNext(e);
        }
        s1.Stop();
        var s2 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
        // Version 2: use foreach.
        for (int i = 0; i < _max; i++)
        {
            var result = CountForeach(list);
        }
        s2.Stop();
        Console.WriteLine(((double)(s1.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds * 1000000) / _max).ToString("0.00 ns"));
        Console.WriteLine(((double)(s2.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds * 1000000) / _max).ToString("0.00 ns"));
    }
}26.71 ns    CountMoveNext
14.79 ns    CountForeach

Summary. GetEnumerator is an instance method provided on many collection types. A unified method can be used to loop over the Enumerator returned by all these collections.

CharEnumerator